Carbon emissions and employee turnover on firm value: The moderating role of corporate governance

Abstract

The rapid growth of the global video game industry has been accompanied by increasing environmental and social challenges. As a sector that relies heavily on data centers, online distribution, and skilled human capital, the video game industry faces sustainability pressures that may influence investor perceptions and firm valuations. This study aimed to analyze the effects of carbon emissions intensity and employee turnover rate on firm value, with Good Corporate Governance (GCG) as a moderating variable. The sample comprises 30 publicly listed international video game companies over the 2022–2024 period. This study employs Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results reveal that carbon emission intensity has a significant negative effect on firm value. Meanwhile, independent boards can moderate the impact of carbon emissions intensity on firm value. Furthermore, employee turnover rates show no significant effect on firm value.